There is a long-held local lore in the town of Oswiecim, in southern Poland, that birds do not sing near or around the notorious ex-concentration camp the Nazi’s built there once they had swept through Poland in 1939.
I found that hard to believe; we saw them overhead flying over the hundreds of empty acres, as do butterflies take to the air, fluttering wings erratically here and there in gorgeous colors.
It was an urban legend, but one that still sends a message that this place deserves utmost respect from any creature visiting this horrific historic site.
The name of the town was changed, after occupation by the Nazis, to Auschwitz. The infamous death camp with the same name, where over 1.3 million humans were murdered by order of the Führer of Germany, Adolf Hitler, was built next to the city.
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| The Jewish people were told to mark their luggage so they could collect it It was a lie; 90% were dead before the luggage was even collected by fellow prisoners |
There were actually three separate camps at Auschwitz. The most famous from films and documentaries was Auschwitz I, with the black wrought-iron sign across the entrance to the concentration camp that reads: Arbeit Macht Frei (Work sets you free).
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| The entrance gate to Auschwitz I - just plain lies by the Nazi's |
Camp 1 was set up as the main administrative center and concentration camp in June of 1940. It would be used in the beginning to house Polish political prisoners, resistance fighters against the Nazis, intellectuals, and anyone that the Nazi Party was afraid of.
It was also used for forced labor, starvation, medical experiments, and executions. In August of 1941, the gas Zyklon B was used on a small group of 30 captured Soviet prisoners in Block 11. It proved successful. Then, in September of 1941, it was used to experiment on over 600 Soviet soldiers, 250 sick Polish prisoners, and 10 penal prisoners.
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| Where the poison gas, Zyklon B, was first used at Auschwitz I |
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| Just one of many torture devices |
Again, a great success: after only 20 minutes of these men choking, vomiting, and dying, the Nazis knew they had an effective new method of extermination.
It was time to bring this new devilish design to Auschwitz II, also known as Birkenau, whose only purpose for existence was truly mass murder.
Auschwitz 1 was nearly 50 acres in size. Birkenau would be over 450 acres when finished in March of 1942. It was built on the backs of Soviet POWs. Nearly 90% of these men died building the concentration camp from starvation, beatings, and outright murder by the Nazis in charge.
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| The first crematoriums used at the Aushwitz complex |
This camp, Birkenau, would be the centerpiece in Hitler’s war against the European Jewish population. It would be the model for other camps, such as Sobibor, Majdanek, Belzec, and others. At the end of WWII, historians believe 11 to 17 million people were murdered within these camps set up by the Nazis, including the 6 million Jewish people who suffered the same fate.
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| Just some of the shoes stolen by the Nazi's before gassing the Jews |
Those, besides the Jews, who were wiped out included, but were not limited to: Roma (Gypsies), homosexuals, the mentally impaired, political dissidents, intellectuals, and anyone else who did not raise their right arm straight enough in the statutory salute.
In other words, anyone not toeing the party line correctly, according to the High Command.
This camp was so efficient in the activity of killing that one day in June of 1944, 10,000 people were gassed and cremated. The daily average for the years the camp ran was around 2,000 per chamber per day, and it took nearly 30 hours to incinerate that many bodies of the men, women, and children.
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| The entire camp was surrounded by electrified barbed wire |
It was a well-run machine of death, and the camp commandant, Rudolf Höss, was well pleased with himself.
In fact, he lived in a small villa a mere 20 meters from the front gate of Auschwitz I with his wife and children. He would go to work in the morning overseeing the torture and murder of thousands of innocent people and then return home to swim in the family's pool, play games with his children, and oversee the lush gardens. His wife, Hedwig, called the place a paradise, as she paraded around in looted mink coats and jewels taken from murdered Jews from the camp.
To try to understand how humans can live as the Hosses did is like trying to unravel the complexities of the universe. It is mind-boggling.
“How did work go today, Dear?” Hedwig may ask.
“Well, my little Liebling, we met our quota of Jews, nearly twenty-three hundred. Not bad for a Thursday.”
That was not in any way to be humorous, just the opposite. How could any sane person believe a man could spend his day orchestrating the cold-blooded killing of fellow humans and then go home and live a regular life with his family? It is far beyond the pale, and scholars to this day are still trying to figure out what prompted these monsters (and I don’t want to offend monsters by putting them in the same category as people like Rudolf Hoss) to act as they did on a day-to-day basis.
The only light at the end of the tunnel was that after WWII ended and many Nazis, including Hoss, were held accountable for their crimes against humanity, they paid for their mortal sins.
Hoss was sentenced to death and was ironically hanged on the very same gallows that he had hung many innocent folks from at the entrance of Auschwitz I on April 16, 1947.
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| The gallows where mass murderer Rudolf Höss met his end |
Auschwitz III was an industrial forced labor camp to procure forced labor for the IG Farben Corporation for its rubber and fuel plant. Thousands died there, but nowhere close to the scale of what occurred at either Camp 1 or 2. In fact, there is nothing left today of Camp III, except a memorial set up in the town of Oswiecim, which changed its name back to Polish after the end of the war.
To visit such a place as Auschwitz is to visit hell on earth for the millions of victims the Nazis so ruthlessly murdered.
But it is also a site that most should travel to and pray this sort of madness never repeats itself, something each of us needs to keep in mind. And we do know that history has a peculiar way of repeating, unfortunately.
And that is why Laureen and I decided to travel to Krakow, Poland.
John can be contacted at beyersbyways@gmail.com
For more information:
https://www.viator.com/
https://www.auschwitz.org/en/























